Unseen planet revealed by its gravity
Southwest Research Institute
Using gravitational perturbation theory and publically photometry data from the Hunt for the Exomoons with Kepler project, a group of researchers has inferred the existence of at least one other planet near the distant star, KOI-872, where two other planets are confirmed to be orbiting. The Kepler telescope continuously monitors the brightness of more than 150,000 stars, searching for brief periods of time, known as transits, when a star appears fainter due to a planet passing in the foreground. The transit times can be influenced by other massive objects, including other planets. The existence of Neptune was inferred by the gravitational effects it has on the observed position of Uranus.
In this current work, reported in Science and discussed with Waves and Packets by lead author David Nesvorný, the team constructed a set of dynamical models with different levels of complexity and sizes of parameter space. Statistical analysis of the various models led them to identify a single-perturbing-planet model as the clear best fit to the photometry data. But a subsequent specialized analysis of the photometry data led them to inferentially identify another much smaller, nonperturbative planet that may orbit KOI-872. Altogether the analysis indicates a system with nearly coplanar and circular orbits, very much like our own solar system.More
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