By Célia Luiza Petersen Vitello Kalil, M.D., Fernanda Zatti Fachinello, M.D., Flávia Maria Lamb, M.D. & Luciane Nardi Comunello, M.D.
Published in SkinMed 2008, 7;1:10–14
Introduction
Photoaging and photodamage refer to the changes that occur in skin’s texture, appearance, structure, and chemical makeup as a result of persistent ultraviolet radiation exposure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral isotretinoin to successfully treat photoaging of the skin by demonstrating that the isotretinoin is converted to retinoid.
Materials and Methods
The authors chose 50 patients ranging in age from 40-60 years with Fitzpatrick skin type classification I, II, or III to participate. The following laboratory screenings were conducted: CBC, liver function, testing, and lipid profile.
Patients received 20 mg isotretinoin orally 3times per week for 3 months. Photographs were taken before, during, and after treatment. Skin punch biopsies were performed before treatment and 1 week after treatment conclusion. Additionally, patients evaluated their own progress via evaluation forms. The authors also performed a physical assessment of each subject.
Results
Of the 50 patients selected, 30 fully completed the treatment process successfully. Based on the patient questionnaire, 66.67% experienced optimal improvement and 13.33% experienced regular improvement in their condition. The assessment evaluated the following parameters: wrinkle reduction, pigmentation, pore size, and skin oiliness. The skin biopsies showed histological improvement in 66.67% of the participants with no change in 13.33%. Histological improvement was defined as decrease in collagen degeneration and improvement of skin trophism. The most common side effects reported were skin dryness and desquamation.
Discussion
Retinoid refers to a group of synthetic and natural components that are similar to Vitamin A. Currently, dermatologists and other skin care professionals use retinoids extensively in order to treat various skin conditions.
Studies have supported that ingesting isotretinoin orally results in the conversion to retinoid, which improves the appearance of wrinkles and pigmentation in the skin. This occurs as a result of collagen production, increased vascularity of the skin, and stabilization of skin cells.
The authors concluded that isotretinoin is a safe and effective treatment for photodamage due to the low dosage and short treatment period.
Reprint requests: Dr. Célia Luiza Petersen Vitello Kalil, Padre Chagas, 230/01 Porto Alegre/RS/Brazil.
